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https://doi.org/10.34556/0002000645
https://doi.org/10.34556/00020006451b7b603c-f2e7-47ca-b68b-aa1a4362405a
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
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researchdoc8-_167-168 (2.6 MB)
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| Item type | 国際農研デフォルトアイテムタイプ（フル）(1) | |||||||||||||
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| 公開日 | 2025-01-06 | |||||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||||
| タイトル | Summary | |||||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||||
| その他のタイトル | ||||||||||||||
| その他のタイトル | 英文摘要 | |||||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||||
| 作成者 |
花田, 俊雄
× 花田, 俊雄
× 岡, 三徳
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| アクセス権 | ||||||||||||||
| アクセス権 | open access | |||||||||||||
| アクセス権URI | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | |||||||||||||
| 内容記述 | ||||||||||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||||||||||
| 内容記述 | The present status of agriculture and research activities including agricultural statistics in the central and southern Arabian Peninsular countries were investigated through a survey conducted in April 1993. The total land area of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia amounts to 215 million ha with a population of 14.9 million. Agriculture accounted for 1.35 million ha of the land area (0.63%) and 5.8 million people (39%) were engaged in agriculture in 1990. The agricultural sector accounts for 11.3% of general domestic product. Main agricultural products are cereals, especially wheat. Wheat production increased drastically from 0.82 million ton in 1983 to 3.46 million ton in 1990. The 4.2 times increase within 7 years was attained through political incentives (financial compensation) and the introduction of a modern irrigation system (the so-called center pivot method). In contrast, sorghum production is still practiced traditionally in the western part of the country along the Red Sea. Other important crops next to cereals are forage crops, vegetables and fruits. Alfalfa as forage crop, tomato and watermelon as vegetables and dates as fruits are very important crops. However, prevailing pests and diseases, such as yellow stunting virus in watermelon and leaf miner in citrus fruit have led to a decrease of yield and quality of the products. The National Agriculture and Water Research Center (NAWRC) is the main research organization in Saudi Arabia with networks throughout the country in combination with extension projects. The Republic of Yemen is located in the south-western part of the Arabian Peninsula. Since the country is covered with high mountains, precipitation is higher than in other Arabian countries and agriculture is the major activity for the national economy. The total land area amounts to 55 million ha with a population of 11.5 million. Agriculture accounted for 1.48 million ha of the land area (2.7%) and 6.6 million people (57%) were engaged in agriculture in 1988. Agriculture accounts for 22% of the general domestic product. Main producing areas are Al-Hodeidah and Sana's districts. Cereals play a major role, accounting for 71 % of the cultivated area followed by vegetables, fruits, forage crops, pulses and cash crops accounting for about 6% of the total area each. Main cereal is sorghum which covers 50% of the total area under cereal production, followed by millets (14.2%) and wheat (13.6%). Except for cereals, other important crops, are potato, tomato and watermelon as vegetables, grape and date as fruits, coffee as cash crop and sorghum as forage crops. However, Abyssinian tea (Catha edulis), called Qat locally, is also an important cash crop because of its palatability and the higher market price it fetches. Yemen depends mainly on imports for food consumption. The increase of domestic food production is an important target for the government. For this purpose, research works are carried out by the Agricultural Research and Extension Authority (AREA) under the Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources. However, the organization is not operating efficiently because of the political problems associated with the fusion of former North and South Yemen. The land area of the Sultanate of Oman amounts to 31.3 million ha with a population of 1.55 million. Agriculture accounted for 55 thousand ha of the land area (0.26%) and 0.62 million people (38%) were engaged in agriculture in 1992. Agriculture accounts for 3.6% of the general domestic product. Since the population is too low to supply the manpower required for the economy, Oman depends fully on foreign workers for various economic activities. The number of foreign workers was almost 0.4 million in 1990. Date is the main agricultural product which is cultivated over 24 thousand ha, or 44% of the total area under agriculture. Vegetables, such as tomato and watermelon, are important crops next to date. Area under vegetable cultivation reached 6 thousand ha (11%) in 1988. On the other hand, cereal production is very low and does not meet the domestic demand. Therefore, 0.29 million ton of wheat was imported in 1987. Fishes are also appreciated by consumes in Oman. The Department of Agricultural Research is in charge of the governmental research activities in Oman. However, the research staff working in this organization are mostly foreigners. The graduates from the newly established Sultan Qabos University are gradually replacing foreign researchers. The three countries located in the central and southern Arabian Peninsula are facing common constraints on agricultural development including dry and hot climatic conditions and lack of irrigation water. Main season for crop production is winter. Therefore, strong emphasis is placed on for selection of heat-tolerant varieties and efficient use of water. In the farmers' fields, the decrease of the underground water level and the salinity of irrigation water and soil result in serious problems in agricultural production. There is an urgent need for the development of technology and international information network to solve the problems faced by arid land agriculture. The authors would like to express their gratitude to the directors of various national agricultural organizations in Saudi Arabia, Yemen and Oman for their administrative support and encouragement during their visit to these countries. Deep appreciation is also expressed toward many researchers in the agricultural research institutes and stations for giving valuable information and suggestions. |
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| 言語 | en | |||||||||||||
| 出版者 | ||||||||||||||
| 出版者 | 農林水産省国際農林水産業研究センター Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries |
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| 言語 | ||||||||||||||
| 言語 | eng | |||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_3248 | |||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | book part | |||||||||||||
| 出版タイプ | ||||||||||||||
| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||||||||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||||||||||
| ID登録 | ||||||||||||||
| ID登録 | 10.34556/0002000645 | |||||||||||||
| ID登録タイプ | JaLC | |||||||||||||
| 関連情報 | ||||||||||||||
| 関連タイプ | isPartOf | |||||||||||||
| 識別子タイプ | DOI | |||||||||||||
| 関連識別子 | https://doi.org/10.34556/0002000637 | |||||||||||||
| 関連名称 | アラビア半島中南部地域における乾燥地農業の特性 : サウジアラビア, イエメン, オマーン | |||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | ||||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | PISSN | |||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | 1340-4334 | |||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | ||||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | AN10442873 | |||||||||||||
| 書誌情報 |
ja : 国際農林水産業研究センター研究資料 : アラビア半島中南部地域における乾燥地農業の特性 : サウジアラビア, イエメン, オマーン en : JIRCAS Research Document : Characteristics of Arid-land Agriculture and Research in Saudi Arabia, Yemen and Oman 巻 8, p. 167-168, 発行日 1995-03-01 |
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